600 Markley Street, Suite 127360, Port Reading, Nj 07064
Formerly | AuctionWeb (1995–1997) |
---|---|
Type | Public |
Traded as | Nasdaq: EBAY NASDAQ-100 Component S&P 500 Component |
Industry | E-commerce |
Founded | September 3, 1995 (1995-09-03) |
Founder | Pierre Omidyar |
Headquarters | San Jose, California, U.Southward. 37°17′43″N 121°55′34″W / 37.2952°N 121.9260°Due west / 37.2952; -121.9260 |
Area served | Worldwide |
Primal people |
|
Services | Online shopping |
Revenue | US$10.8 billion (2019) [ane] |
Operating income | US$ii.321 billion (2019) [1] |
Net income | US$1.792 billion (2019) [1] |
Total assets | US$xviii.174 billion (2019) [1] |
Full equity | US$2.87 billion (2019) [1] |
Number of employees | ~13,300 (Dec 2019) [1] |
Subsidiaries | Auction Co., iBazar, GittiGidiyor, G-Market place, One-half.com, Qoo10.jp |
Website | www |
eBay Inc. ( EE-bay) is an American multinational due east-commerce corporation based in San Jose, California, that facilitates consumer-to-consumer and business organization-to-consumer sales through its website. eBay was founded by Pierre Omidyar in 1995, and became a notable success story of the dot-com bubble. eBay is a multibillion-dollar business with operations in nearly 32 countries, as of 2019.[1] [2] The company manages the eBay website, an online auction and shopping website in which people and businesses buy and sell a wide variety of appurtenances and services worldwide. The website is free to employ for buyers, but sellers are charged fees for listing items after a express number of complimentary listings, and an boosted or separate fee when those items are sold.[3]
In addition to eBay's original auction-style sales, the website has evolved and expanded to include: instant "Buy Information technology Now" shopping; shopping past Universal Product Code, ISBN, or other kind of SKU number (via Half.com, which was shut downward in 2017); and other services. eBay previously offered online money transfers as part of its services (via PayPal,[4] which was a wholly endemic subsidiary of eBay from 2002 to 2015);[5] online classified advertisements (via Kijiji, or eBay Classifieds Group); and online outcome ticket trading (via StubHub).
History
1990s
The AuctionWeb was founded in California on September 3, 1995, past French-born Iranian-American computer programmer Pierre Omidyar as part of a larger personal site.[6] Ane of the commencement items sold on AuctionWeb was a broken laser pointer for $14.83. Astonished, Omidyar contacted the winning bidder to ask if he understood that the laser pointer was broken; the buyer explained: "I'm a collector of broken laser pointers."[seven] [8] It soon became the first online sale site allowing person-to-person transactions, and its popularity boomed.[9]
Reportedly, eBay was simply a hobby for Omidyar until his Cyberspace service provider informed him he would need to upgrade to a business business relationship due to his high website traffic. The monthly cost increment from $30 to $250 prompted him to start charging eBay users, who did not object.[ citation needed ] Chris Agarpao was eBay's first additional employee to process mailed cheque payments.[10]
Jeffrey Skoll was hired as the first new president of the company in early 1996. In November 1996, the Eastward-Commerce platform entered into its get-go third-party licensing deal, with a company called Electronic Travel Auction, to utilize SmartMarket Engineering to sell airplane tickets and other travel products. Growth was phenomenal: from 250,000 auctions during all of 1996 to 200,000 in January 1997 alone.[11] [six] [ verification needed ]
The visitor officially changed the proper name of its service from AuctionWeb to eBay in September 1997, after Echo Bay Technology Group, Omidyar'south consulting business firm. The domain name echobay.com was already taken by a aureate mining company,[12] so Omidyar shortened it to eBay.com.[xiii] In 1997 the company received $6.7 million in funding from the venture capital firm Benchmark Capital letter.[14]
The frequently repeated story that eBay was founded to help Omidyar's fiancée trade Pez candy dispensers was fabricated in 1997 by public relations managing director Mary Lou Song to give the media a human-interest story more than appealing than Omidyar's original vision of a "perfect market".[fifteen] [half dozen] The Pez dispenser myth generated enormous publicity and led to explosive early growth among toy collectors.
The leader in the toy category apace became Beanie Babies manufactured by Ty, Inc., the most difficult toys to observe in retail stores. As collectors internationally were trying to complete their collection of Beanie Babies, Ty set up the first business concern-to-consumer Web site, a secondary-market place online trading post where people could trade their Beanie Babies. However, it was overwhelmed with unsortable listings, creating an urgent demand for a more than efficient online trading system.[16] [17] Beanie Babies quickly became the dominant product on eBay, accounting for x% of all listings in 1997, every bit collectors thronged eBay'southward user-friendly interface to search for specific Beanie Babies.
Meg Whitman was hired by the board as eBay president and CEO in March 1998. At the time, the company had thirty employees,[xviii] half a million users and revenues of $4.7 meg in the United States.[19]
On September 21, 1998, eBay went public.[twenty] In the risk factors section of the annual written report filed with the United states of america Securities and Exchange Commission in 1998, Omidyar notes eBay's dependence on the continued strength of the Beanie Babies market.[16] [21] After eBay went public, both Omidyar and Skoll became instant billionaires: eBay'due south target of $xviii per share was all only ignored as the price went to $53.l on the offset 24-hour interval of trading.[22]
2000s
Every bit the company expanded production categories beyond collectibles into virtually whatsoever saleable detail, business grew speedily.[seven] In 2000, eBay had 12 million registered users and a cyberinventory of more than than four.5 million items on sale on whatsoever given day.[23] In 2001, eBay had the largest userbase of any e-commerce site.[ix] In February 2002 the company purchased iBazar, a similar European auction web site founded in 1998,[24] and and so bought PayPal on October 3, 2002.[25]
By early 2008 the visitor had expanded worldwide, counting hundreds of millions of registered users as well as 15,000 employees and revenues of nigh $7.vii billion. After nearly ten years at eBay, Whitman decided to enter politics. On January 23, 2008, the company announced that Whitman would footstep down on March 31, 2008, and John Donahoe was selected to become president and CEO.[26] Whitman remained on the lath of directors and connected to advise Donahoe through 2008. In late 2009 eBay completed the sale of Skype for $2.75 billion, simply still endemic 30% equity in the visitor.[27]
2010s
In 2012, eBay was charged by the United states of america Department of Justice with entering into non-solicitation agreements with other engineering companies involving their highly skilled employees.[28]
On September 30, 2014, eBay announced information technology would spin off PayPal into a separate publicly traded company, a need made nine months prior past activist hedge fund magnate Carl Icahn. The spinoff completed on July xviii, 2015. eBay's then principal executive, John Donahoe, stepped down from that role.[29] [30] [31] Flipkart and eBay entered into a strategic partnership in 2017 under which eBay Inc acquired a five.44% stake in Flipkart in substitution for its eBay India business for $211 Mn and a $514 Mn greenbacks investment. As part of the partnership, Flipkart decided to utilise the eBay platform for global outsourcing.[32]
On January 31, 2018, eBay announced that they would replace PayPal as its primary payments provider with Netherlands-based kickoff-upward Adyen. The transition was set to be completed by 2021, only PayPal would remain an acceptable payment option on the site until farther notice.[33]
On September 21, 2018, it was reported that eBay would install a security fence around the perimeter of its San Jose headquarters in response to the YouTube headquarters shooting earlier that year.[34]
On July 31, 2019, the company acquired a 5.59 per centum stake in Paytm Mall.[35]
On September 25, 2019, it was announced that Devin Wenig would be stepping downward as eBay'southward CEO, and that Scott Schenkel, senior vice president and chief financial officer since 2015, had been appointed every bit the interim CEO.[36]
2020s
On Apr 13, 2020, it was appear that Jamie Iannone would become the CEO on Apr 27.[37] On June 15, 2020, eBay stated that[38] that 5 employees were terminated in September after a law enforcement notification in August considering of a peradventure criminal example of harassment of journalists perpetrated by some of the terminated employees.[39] [forty] [41] Half dozen one-time employees were charged with Ambitious Cyberstalking. [42]
In July 2020, Adevinta announced to acquire eBay Classifieds Group.[43] The deal closed on June 25.[44]
Corporate affairs
Board of directors
Every bit of October 2019 the board of directors was every bit follows:[45]
- Thomas J. Tierney, co-founder of the Bridgespan Group, Chairman of eBay since March 2003
- Fred D. Anderson, erstwhile managing manager of Superlative Partners, director of eBay since July 2003
- Anthony Bates, CEO of Genesys
- Adriane M. Brown, advisor at Intellectual Ventures, LLC
- Diana Farrell, CEO of JPMorgan Hunt Institute
- Logan Dark-green, CEO of Lyft
- Bonnie Hammer, Chairman, NBC Universal
- Kathleen Mitic, CEO of Sitch, Inc.
- Matt Murphy, CEO of Marvell Engineering science Grouping
- Paul Pressler, Partner at Clayton, Dubilier & Rice, LLC
- Bob Swan, CEO of Intel Corporation
- Perry Traquina, CEO of Wellington Management Company
- Former board members
- Pierre Omidyar, director since 1996 and chairman of eBay from May 1996 to May 2015. In 2020, it was appear that he volition be leaving the lath, even so, will still hold the director emeritus title. Additionally, he could even so potentially nourish board meetings if invited, merely won't have the right to vote.[46]
- One thousand thousand Whitman. She was president and CEO of eBay from 1998 to 2008.
- Jesse Cohn, Head of U.S. Equity Activism at Elliott Direction Corporation. He joined the board in 2019 and left the next year.[46]
Logo
In September 2012, eBay introduced a new logo using a thinner variation of the Univers typeface,[47] installed on the website on Oct 10, 2012. Information technology replaced the thicker Univers logo that had been used since eBay's inception in 1995. An all carmine eBay logo with the aforementioned type set was also introduced to be used temporarily for diverse holidays.
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1995–2012
-
2012–present
Profit and transactions
eBay generates revenue by a complex system of fees for services, listing production features, and a final value fee for sales proceeds by sellers. Equally of 2019 the US-based eBay.com charges $0.35 equally an insertion fee for a basic list without any adornments. The final value fee is 10-12% of the total amount of the sale, which is the price of the item plus aircraft charges.[48] Reduced final value fees are available to concern registered customers. Other eBay websites follow a similar fee structure, just with different cost charges.
Nether US law before 2018, a land could not require sellers located outside the state to collect a sales taxation, which made making purchases on eBay more than attractive to US buyers. Sellers that operate as a business practise follow state taxation regulations on eBay transactions.[49] [50] Since 2018, changes to tax law in the United States strength eBay (and other large marketplaces) to collect sales revenue enhancement on any eBay purchase shipped to certain states.[51]
The company's business strategy includes increasing international trade.[52] [53] eBay has already expanded to over two dozen countries, including China and Republic of india. Strategic international expansion has failed in Taiwan and Japan, where Yahoo! had a head beginning, and New Zealand, where Merchandise Me is the dominant online auction website. eBay too notably failed in People's republic of china due to competition from local rival Taobao.[54] eBay entered the Chinese marketplace in 2002 and shut downward its Chinese site in 2007.[55] In Bharat, eBay's operations came to a halt[56] subsequently it sold off its Bharat operations[57] to country's largest ecommerce company Flipkart, in the latter's $one.4Bn fundraise, where eBay was a participant.
In its Q1 2008 results, total payment volume via PayPal increased 17%, just of the eBay auction site it was up 61%.[58]
For most list categories, eBay sellers are permitted to offer a variety of payment systems such as Escrow.com,[59] PayPal, Paymate, Propay, and Skrill.[60] Propay and Skrill were banned effective September 27, 2015, citing depression usage.[61]
Escrow.com is eBay'due south approved escrow site. The transactions processed through Escrow.com largely are in relation to eBay Motors; all the same, they are not restricted to this type of listing.[59]
eBay runs an affiliate programme under the name eBay Partner Network.[62] eBay affiliate marketers were originally paid a percentage of the eBay seller'south transaction fees, with commissions ranging from 50% to 75% of the fees paid for an item purchased. In October 2009, eBay changed to an affiliate payout system that it calls Quality Click Pricing, in which affiliates are paid an amount adamant by an undisclosed algorithm. The total earnings corporeality is then divided past the number of clicks the affiliate sent to eBay and is reported as Earnings Per Click, or EPC. In October 2013, ePN launched a new pricing model. The new model is more than transparent and is based on category-level base of operations commission rates with bonuses available for referring new and reactivated buyers.[63]
On Apr 18, 2012, eBay reported a 29% Q1 acquirement increase to $iii.three billion compared to their Q1 in 2011. Net income was reported to exist at $570 1000000 for the quarter.[64]
For the fiscal year 2017, eBay reported losses of Usa$1.016 billion, with annual acquirement of US$ix.567 billion, an increment of 6.6% over the previous fiscal cycle. eBay'south shares traded at over $35 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at over U.s.$27.ii billion in October 2018.
Year | Revenue in mil. USD$ | Net income in mil. USD$ | Full Avails in mil. USD$ | Toll per Share in USD$ | Employees |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005[65] | 4,552 | 1,082 | xi,789 | fifteen.65 | |
2006[66] | 5,970 | 1,126 | 13,494 | thirteen.00 | |
2007[67] | 7,672 | 348 | 15,366 | 13.25 | |
2008[68] | viii,541 | 1,779 | 15,592 | nine.58 | |
2009[69] | viii,727 | 2,389 | xviii,408 | vii.29 | |
2010[lxx] | 9,156 | i,801 | 22,004 | 9.68 | |
2011[71] | 11,652 | iii,229 | 27,320 | 12.28 | |
2012[72] | fourteen,072 | 2,609 | 37,074 | sixteen.61 | |
2013[73] | 16,047 | two,856 | 41,488 | 21.03 | 33,500 |
2014[74] | viii,790 | 46 | 45,132 | 21.01 | 34,600 |
2015[75] | 8,592 | ane,725 | 17,755 | 25.00 | 11,600 |
2016[76] | eight,979 | 7,266 | 23,847 | 27.08 | 12,600 |
2017[77] | 9,567 | −1,016 | 25,981 | 35.06 | fourteen,100 |
2018[78] | 10,746 | ii,530 | 22,819 | 34.31 | 14,000 |
2019[79] | 10,800 | i,792 | 18,174 | 35.fifty | 13,300 |
Ecology record
On May 8, 2008, eBay announced the opening of its newest building on the visitor's N Campus in San Jose, which is the first structure in the city to exist built from the ground up to LEED Gold standards.[80] The edifice, the commencement the company had built in its 13-twelvemonth existence, uses an array of iii,248 solar panels, spanning 60,000 square feet (5,600 m2), and providing 650 kilowatts of power to eBay's campus.[81] The assortment can supply 15–xviii% of the visitor's full free energy requirements, reducing the amount of greenhouse gases that would be produced to create that energy by other ways.[81] SolarCity, the company responsible for designing the assortment, estimates that the solar panels installed on eBay'southward campus will prevent 37 one thousand thousand pounds of carbon dioxide from being released into the environment as a result of replaced power product over the next three decades. Creating an equivalent impact to remove the same amount of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere would require planting 322 acres (1.30 km2) of copse.
The design of the building also incorporates other elements to reduce its impact on the surroundings. The edifice is equipped with a lighting organization that detects natural ambient light sources and automatically dims bogus lighting to save 39% of the power usually required to calorie-free an part edifice. eBay's newest building also reduces demand on local water supplies past incorporating an eco-friendly irrigation system, and low-flow showerheads and faucets. Fifty-fifty during construction, more than 75% of the waste from construction was recycled. eBay besides runs buses betwixt San Francisco and the San Jose campus to reduce the number of commuting vehicles.[80] In 2014, eBay and several other Oregon businesses signed the Oregon Business concern Climate Declaration to promote local job growth and deadening carbon pollution.[82]
Acquisitions
PayPal
On Oct 3, 2002, PayPal became a wholly owned subsidiary of eBay.[83] Its corporate headquarters were sited in San Jose, California,[84] Usa at eBay'south North First Street satellite office campus. On September 30, 2014, eBay Inc. appear the divestiture of PayPal equally an independent visitor, which was completed on July xx, 2015.[85]
Craigslist
In the summer of 2004, eBay acknowledged that information technology had acquired 25% of classified listings website Craigslist. Sometime Craigslist executive Phillip Knowlton was the seller, and he insisted that his former employer was aware of his plans to divest his holdings. Initially, eBay assured Craigslist that eBay would not ask Craigslist to change the way it did business.
In March 2005, eBay launched the classifieds service Kijiji. In April 2008, eBay sued Craigslist to "safeguard its four-year fiscal investment", claiming that in January 2008, Craigslist took actions that "unfairly diluted eBay'southward economic interest by more than than x%".[86] Craigslist countersued in May 2008 "to remedy the substantial and ongoing harm to fair contest" that Craigslist claimed was constituted by eBay's deportment as a Craigslist shareholder.[87] In September 2010, Delaware Judge William Chandler ruled that the actions of Craigslist were unlawful and that the actions were taken by Craigslist founders Jim Buckmaster and Craig Newmark had "breached their fiduciary duty of loyalty", and restored eBay'southward stake in the visitor to 28.4% from a diluted level of 24.85%.[88] However, the approximate dismissed eBay'south objection to a staggered board provision, citing that Craigslist has the right to protect its ain trade secrets.[89] [90] eBay spokesman Michael Jacobson stated "Nosotros are very pleased that the court gave eBay what it sought from the lawsuit."[88]
Skype
In Oct 2005, eBay Inc. acquired Skype Technologies,[91] developer of the Skype VoIP and Instant messaging service, significantly expanding its client base to more than 480 million registered users worldwide. eBay later sold a majority pale in Skype in November 2009, while retaining a minority investment.[92] This somewhen led to the sale of the unabridged Skype business to Microsoft for $viii.5 billion in May 2011.[93]
StubHub
StubHub's acquisition by eBay was appear in Jan 2007 for a reported $310 million.[94] [95] [96] Co-ordinate to CNN Money, 2007 was a very successful year for the visitor, treatment five one thousand thousand individual transactions, more than in the previous half dozen years combined of its history.[97] Staffing at StubHub had increased to 350 workers past the time of the sale.[96] Viii months after the acquisition, StubHub reached an sectional agreement with Major League Baseball (MLB).[97] They get a slice of the 25% in commissions StubHub earns on either end of a sale. Ticketmaster filed a lawsuit against StubHub and eBay in 2007, alleging "intentional interference" with Ticketmaster's contractual rights.[98] In November 2019, eBay agreed to sell StubHub to Viagogo for $iv.05 billion in greenbacks;[99] the auction was completed in February 2020.[100]
Qoo10.jp
In April 2018, eBay acquired the Japanese division of Qoo10, a market identify driven by Giosis and having the 4th GMV in Japan, for a reported $573 million.[101] With the shut of the transaction, eBay also has relinquished its investment in Giosis' non-Japanese businesses. This conquering expands eBay's footprint in Nihon, 1 of the largest e-commerce markets in the world. eBay made an initial investment in Giosis Pte. Ltd. in 2010. Since then, Giosis has established dynamic marketplace businesses across Asia. eBay'southward Japan business organization, including Giosis' Japan business, volition written report into Jooman Park, senior vice president of eBay's Asia Pacific region.[102]
Utilise for data analysis
eBay is a publicly visible market which has attracted interest from economists, who take used it to analyze aspects of buying and selling beliefs, auction formats, etc., comparing them with previous theoretical and empirical findings.
Figurer information systems researchers have also shown interest in eBay. Michael Goul, Chairman of the Computer Information Systems section of the W. P. Carey Schoolhouse of Business at Arizona State University, published an academic case based on eBay's big information management and use in which he discusses how eBay is a data-driven visitor that processes l petabytes of data a day.[103]
eBay uses a arrangement that allows unlike departments in the company to check out data from their data mart into sandboxes for analysis. According to Goul, eBay has already experienced meaning business concern successes through its information analytics. eBay employs 5,000 data analysts to enable data-driven determination making.[103]
Third party
In 2006, the accounting software company Intuit launched a web-based donation tracking service called ItsDeductible. The service uses data from eBay to help users assign a market value to the items they donate.[104]
Visual search
In July 2017, eBay released an epitome search capability allowing users to find listings on the site that friction match an item depicted in a photograph, using artificial intelligence and car learning technologies.[105]
GCHQ
UK'south GCHQ has a suite of tools for monitoring target use of eBay, named ELATE.[106]
Items
Millions of collectibles, decor, appliances, computers, furnishings, equipment, domain names,[107] vehicles, and other miscellaneous items are listed, bought, or sold daily on eBay. In 2006, eBay launched its Business organisation & Industrial category, breaking into the industrial surplus business. By and large, anything can be auctioned on the site as long as it is not illegal and does not violate the eBay Prohibited and Restricted Items policy.[108] Services and intangibles can be sold, too. Large international companies, such every bit IBM, sell their newest products and offering services on eBay using competitive auctions and fixed-priced storefronts. Split up eBay sites such as eBay Us and eBay UK let the users to trade using the local currency. Software developers tin create applications that integrate with eBay through the eBay API past joining the eBay Developers Programme.[109] In June 2005, there were more 15,000 members in the eBay Developers Program, comprising a broad range of companies creating software applications to support eBay buyers and sellers as well equally eBay Affiliates.
Numerous government and police agencies[110] around the world at present utilize eBay as well equally traditional auctions to dispose of seized and confiscated goods.
Controversy has arisen over certain items put upwards for bid. For case, in tardily 1999 a human being offered one of his kidneys for auction on eBay, attempting to profit from the potentially lucrative (and, in the Usa, illegal) market for transplantable human being organs.[111]
Beginning in Baronial 2007, eBay required listings in "Video Games" and "Health & Beauty" to accept its payment organisation PayPal and sellers could only have PayPal for payments in the category "Video Games: Consoles".[112] Starting January ten, 2008, eBay said sellers can just accept PayPal every bit payment for the categories "Calculating > Software", "Consumer Electronics > MP3 Players", "Wholesale & Job Lots > Mobile & Home Phones", and "Business organization, Office & Industrial > Industrial Supply / MRO".[113] eBay appear that starting in March 2008, eBay had added to this requirement that all sellers with fewer than 100 feedbacks must offer PayPal and no merchant account may be used as an alternative.[114] [115] This is in addition to the requirement that all sellers from the United Kingdom accept to offer PayPal.[116]
Farther, and as noted beneath, it was a requirement to offer PayPal on all listings in Australia and the UK. In response to concerns expressed by the Australian Competition & Consumer Commission, however, eBay has since removed the policy on the eBay.com.au website requiring sellers to offer PayPal equally a payment option.
On Apr 24, 2006, eBay opened its new eBay Limited site, which was designed to piece of work like a standard Internet shopping site for consumers with United states addresses.[117] Before it closed in 2008, selected eBay items were mirrored on eBay Express, where buyers used a traditional digital shopping cart to purchase from multiple sellers.[118] The United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland version was launched to eBay members in mid-October 2006, but on Jan 29, 2008, eBay announced its intention to shut the site.[119] The German version, eBay Express Germany,[120] was besides opened in 2006 and closed in 2008.
At the 2008 eBay Developer'south Briefing, eBay appear the Selling Manager Applications program (SM Apps).[121] The program allows approved developers to integrate their applications directly into the eBay.com interface.[122] The applications created by developers are available for subscription by eBay members who also subscribe to Selling Manager.
eBay maintains a number of specialty sites including the give-and-take boards, groups, reply center, conversation rooms, and reviews and guides. eBay'south mobile offerings include SMS alerts, a WAP site, Java ME clients, and mobile applications for Windows Phone, Android OS, and Apple iPhone.
The initiative Choice in eCommerce was founded on May 8, 2013, by several online retailers in Berlin, Germany.[123] [124] [125] [126] [127] [128] [129] [130] [131] The cause was, in the view of the initiative, sales bans and online restrictions by individual manufacturers. The dealers felt cut off from their main sales aqueduct and thus deprived them the opportunity to utilize online platforms like Amazon, eBay, or Rakuten in a competitive market for the benefit of their customers.
Unusual items
Many unusual items have been placed for sale on eBay, including at least two previously undiscovered species, including the Coelopleurus exquisitus sea urchin.[132] [133]
Prohibited or restricted items
In its earliest days, eBay was nearly unregulated. Yet, as the site grew, it became necessary to restrict or prohibit auctions for various items. Note that some of the restrictions relate to eBay.com (the United states of america site), while other restrictions apply to specific European sites (such equally Nazi paraphernalia). Regional laws and regulations may utilise to the seller or the buyer. Mostly, if the sale or ownership of an particular is regulated or prohibited by one or more states, eBay volition not permit its listing. Amid the hundred or so banned or restricted categories:
- Tobacco (tobacco-related items and collectibles are accepted.)[134]
- Alcohol (alcohol-related collectibles, including sealed containers, as well as some wine sales by licensed sellers are allowed, some sites such as ebay.com.au allow licensed liquor sales)[135] (eBay appear September 21, 2012, it will brainstorm removing listings for beer and liquor from its site later on a story was aired on ABC series 20/20.)[136]
- Drugs and drug paraphernalia[137]
- Items that "promote or glorify hatred, violence, racial, sexual, or religious intolerance, or promote organizations with such views". This includes Nazi paraphernalia, although there are exceptions to this rule for Nazi items such equally stamps, letters, and envelopes displaying Nazi postmarks (must comply with the currency and postage policy)
- Items depicting the Amalgamated battle flag.[138]
- Bootleg recordings[139]
- Firearms and ammunition (equally of January 1, 1999),[140] including whatever parts that could be used to get together a firearm as well as (every bit of July thirty, 2007) any firearm part that is required for the firing of a gun, including bullet slugs, brass casings and shells, slides, cylinders, magazines, firing pins, trigger assemblies, etc. Various types of knives are besides forbidden.
- Police force and emergency service vehicular warning equipment such equally red or blue lights and sirens (antique or collectible items are exempt)
- Intentionally soiled underwear (see Panty fetishism) and dirty used clothing[141]
- Forged, illegal, stolen, or confidential documents, which include passports, Social Security cards, drivers licenses, voter registration cards, nativity certificates, schoolhouse documents, medical records, fiscal data, government license plates, or government classified data documents. Any particular that is used to change documents is too restricted.[142]
- Human body parts, organs, and remains (with an exception for skeletons and skulls for scientific study, provided they are not Native American in origin)[143]
- Live animals (with certain exceptions)[144]
- Certain copyrighted works or trademarked items[145]
- Lottery tickets, sweepstakes tickets, or any other gambling items.[146]
- Military hardware such every bit working weapons or explosives with the exception of demilitarized vehicles.
- Whatever object of Iranian, Cuban, Syrian or North Korean origin.[147]
- Enriched uranium, plutonium, and other fissile material.
- Sure categories of sexually oriented textile, which must be listed in the "Adult Only" category,[148] notwithstanding sure items prohibited:[148]
- Child pornography
- Materials accounted obscene, including animality, necrophilia, rape, coprophilia, and incest
- Used sex toys
- Services including any sexual practice
- Links to sites that comprise prohibited items
- Developed products that are delivered digitally
- Virtual items from massively multiplayer online games, restrictions that vary by country[149] [150]
- Ivory products[144]
- Knives, other than some cutlery, are prohibited in the Great britain following the criminal importation into the Great britain (by BBC Watchdog researchers) of several knives that were already illegal to own or import nether existing UK legislation. The ban also includes empty leather knife scabbards if they are listed under the category of "knives" on i of the eBay sites[151]
- Fortune-telling and witchcraft-related services[152]
- Souls, ghosts, and other "items whose existence cannot be verified" are prohibited.[153] [154] [155]
- Surgical masks, hand sanitizer, disinfecting wipes, and other products associated with COVID-nineteen pandemic in club to stop toll gouging [156] [157]
- Many other items are either wholly prohibited or restricted in some mode.[158]
Behest
Auction-style listings
Behest on eBay (old or new)'s auction-style listing is chosen proxy bidding and is essentially equivalent to a Vickrey sale (sealed-bid), with the post-obit exceptions.
- The winning bidder pays the second-highest bid plus i bid increment amount (that is, some small predefined amount relative to the bid size), instead of simply the highest bid. However, since the bid increase amounts are relatively insignificant compared to the bid size, they are not considered from a strategic standpoint.[159]
- The highest bidder's bid is sealed, every bit in a Vickrey auction, simply the electric current winning bid (second highest plus one increase) is displayed throughout the sale to allow toll discovery.[160]
- Because eBay's auction-style listings are sealed-bid, it is usually to all bidders' advantage that bids are made merely at the very end of the auction (except for an initial minimum bid, that cancels out a "Buy Information technology Now" option, or prevents the seller from ending the listing early on). Early bids will ordinarily not increase the applicant's chance of winning the auction, and will frequently raise the item's final toll (winning bid) for the eventual winner.
- eBay also allows sellers to offer a "Buy it Now" toll that will end the auction immediately. The Purchase It Now cost is bachelor until someone bids on the particular, or until the reserve price is met. When the Buy It Now option disappears, the auction-mode listing proceeds normally.[161]
Seller ratings
In 2008, eBay implemented a arrangement of seller ratings with four categories. Buyers are asked to rate the seller in each of these categories with a score of ane to five, with 5 being the highest rating. Dissimilar the overall feedback rating, these ratings are anonymous; neither sellers nor other users learn how private buyers rated the seller. The listings of sellers with a rating of iv.3 or beneath in any of the iv rating categories announced lower in search results. Power Sellers are required to take scores in each category above four.5.[162] [163] [164] [165] [166]
In a reversal of roles, on Jan 24, 2010, Auctionbytes.com held an open up survey in which sellers could charge per unit eBay, likewise as competing sale and market place sites.[167] In the survey, users were asked to rank fifteen sites based on v criteria: profitability, customer service, communication, ease of employ, and recommendation.
eBay was ranked 13th,[168] afterwards other large sites such as Amazon and Craigslist, as well equally lesser-known selling sites such as Diminutive Mall, eCRATER, and Ruby Lane. In individual category rankings, eBay was rated the worst of all the 15 sites on customer service and communication, and average on ease of apply. Some respondents stated they would accept given eBay a rating of 10, iii to five years ago. eBay was rated twelfth out of fifteen in the Recommended Selling Venue category.
Clemency auctions
Using MissionFish as an arbiter, eBay allows sellers to donate a portion of their auction gain to a charity of the seller's choice.[169] The plan is called eBay Giving Works in the United states of america, and eBay for Clemency[170] in the UK. eBay provides a fractional refund of seller fees for items sold through clemency auctions.[171] As of March 4, 2010, $154 million has been raised for U.s.a. nonprofits by the eBay Community since eBay Giving Works began in 2003.[172]
Some loftier-profile charity auctions have been advertised on the eBay home page.[173] Every bit of June 2010, the highest successful bid on a single item for charity was for the annual "Power Lunch"[174] with investor Warren Buffett at the famous Smith & Wollensky Steakhouse in New York. The winning bid was $ii.63 million with all of the proceeds going to the Glide Foundation. The winning applicant was not fabricated public, but was able to bring upward to vii friends to the lunch. In 2012, a higher bid, of $iii.46 million, too going to the Glide Foundation, won a lunch with Buffet.[175] In 2016 an anonymous bidder won a $3.45 million luncheon with Warren Buffett and the money raised from the auction was given to Glide Foundation.[176]
The previous highest successful bid on a single particular for clemency was for a letter[177] sent to Mark P. Mays, CEO of Clear Channel (parent company of Premiere Radio Networks the production company that produces The Rush Limbaugh Show and Glenn Beck Plan) past Senator Harry Reid and xl other Democratic senators, complaining nearly comments fabricated by conservative talk prove host Rush Limbaugh. The winning bid was $ii,100,100, with all of the proceeds going to the Marine Corps-Police force Enforcement Foundation, benefiting the pedagogy of children of men and women who have died serving in the armed forces. The winning bid was matched by Limbaugh in his largest charity donation to date.[178]
In 2007, eBay Canada partnered with Montreal-based digital branding agency CloudRaker to develop a campaign to enhance money for Sainte-Justine children's hospital in Montreal. They aligned themselves with Internet miracle Têtes à claques to create an eBay auction based on pop T-A-C graphic symbol Uncle Tom, an infomercial host who pitches cool products. eBay and CloudRaker reproduced Uncle Tom's imaginary products, The Trunk Toner Wing Swatter, The Willi Waller Potato Peeler, and the LCD Shovel and sold them online. In half-dozen weeks, they raised $15,000 for Hôpital St-Justine with 1 fly swatter, one tater peeler, and one shovel, a earth record. The Body Toner Fly Swatter sold for $8,600, the Willi Waller Potato Peeler sold for $3,550, and the LCD Shovel sold for $2,146.21.
Shipping
During auction setup, eBay provides aircraft-method choices to sellers: ordinary postal service, express mail, and/or courier service. The seller may choose to offering only one shipping method to buyers, or the seller may offer buyers a choice of options.
Very-low-value items shipped directly from Cathay are sometimes shipped by surface mail (seamail), which is inexpensive but takes 1 to two months.[179] If the buyer is in a hurry, he or she might be able to pay an extra fee to upgrade to second-class Surface Air Lifted aircraft or to beginning-class airmail shipping.
Since 2012, eBay has been enlisting sellers into its "Global Shipping Program". If a seller uses the plan, non-domestic buyers pay a fee to Pitney Bowes. The seller sends the particular to a Pitney Bowes facility in the Us (or the UK), which then frontwards information technology to the buyer, taking care of all international shipping requirements. The plan is claimed to enhance the product option bachelor to international buyers.[180]
In March 2022, eBay stopped shipping in Russia and Ukraine due to 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[181]
Controversies and criticism
Common eBay criticisms involve the policy of requiring the apply of PayPal for payments and concerns over fraud, forgeries and intellectual property violations in auction items.[ commendation needed ] At that place are also issues of how negative feedback after an auction tin offset the benefits of using eBay every bit a trading platform.[ citation needed ] eBay has been criticized for not paying United kingdom taxes: the Sunday Times reported in Oct 2012 that eBay paid only £1.2m in taxation on sales of over £800m.[182]
2014 security alienation
On May 21, 2014, the visitor revealed that the consumer database of usernames, passwords, phone numbers, and concrete addresses had been breached between late Feb and early on March. Users were brash to change their passwords; to expedite this, a "modify password" feature was added to profiles of users who had not however washed so. The Syrian Electronic Army took responsibility for the assail. The Body of water said that fifty-fifty though the hack revealed millions of users' banking details to them, they would non misuse the data. They had replaced the front pages of the websites with their own logo, called "Defacing" in technical terms. The hack caused eBay's share price to crash in intra-day merchandise as a result of the breach of security.[183] [184] [185] [186]
Stalking scandal
A cyberstalking and harassment entrada conducted in 2019 against an online newsletter led to charges made public in 2020 against seven members of eBay's global security squad, as well as arrests of two of those charged. Wenig, the company's CEO at the fourth dimension of the harassment campaign, has not been non charged.[187] [188] [189] [190]
Meet also
- Alibaba Grouping, Chinese east-commerce company
- eBay 5. Bidder's Edge
- Tiffany (NJ) Inc. v. eBay Inc.
- Shopping neutral
- ShopWorn
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- ^ Durkin Richer, Alanna (June 15, 2020). "Feds: eBay staff sent spiders, roaches to harass couple". Associated Press.
- ^ Heater, Brian (June 15, 2020). "The states attorney details eBay employees' harassment campaign, including alive roaches and a pig fetus". TechCrunch.
- ^ Streitfeld, David (September 26, 2020). "Inside eBay'southward Cockroach Cult: The Ghastly Story of a Stalking Scandal". The New York Times . Retrieved September 26, 2020.
- ^ Kwan, Campbell. "Iv onetime eBay employees set to plead guilty to cyberstalking charges in US". ZDNet. Retrieved September 29, 2020.
External links
Wikimedia Eatables has media related to eBay. |
- Official website
- ebay - YouTube
- Business data for eBay Inc:
- Google Finance
- Yahoo! Finance
- SEC filings
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EBay
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